Hepatitis B-associated nephritis (HBB-AGR) is a condition that causes kidney damage, leading to patients seeking treatment in the nephrology department. The main symptoms include hematuria, fatigue, and edema, and it can be complicated by thrombosis and embolism. This disease is relatively minor. Regular checkups are important after onset. What are the diagnostic methods for HBB-AGR?
1. Hepatitis B virus antigen and hepatitis B virus detection
Hepatitis B virus antigen and hepatitis B virus (HBV) testing can detect a positive HBV antigen in a patient's blood and also detect HBV replication, providing satisfactory guidance for disease diagnosis.
2. Quantitative detection of total urine protein
A quantitative test for total urine protein can show that the patient's total urine protein level is above 3.5g/24 hours, which is very helpful in the diagnosis of hepatitis B-related nephritis.
3. Urinalysis
Urinalysis is also very important for hepatitis B-related nephritis. A careful examination can detect significant amounts of proteinuria and hematuria, helping the attending physician to assess the severity of the condition.
4. Kidney biopsy
Renal biopsy is an essential diagnostic procedure for hepatitis B-related nephritis. Generally, diffuse thickening of the glomerular basement membrane can be detected under a light microscope, and the formation of spikes can also be observed. However, most thickened basement membranes present as chains, accompanied by very pronounced mesangial proliferation.
Given that hepatitis B virus-associated nephritis is incurable, treatment is crucial once the disease develops. For mild cases, medication is often the primary treatment. Doctors may recommend antiviral drugs such as lamivudine, entecavir, and adefovir. A proper diet is also essential, especially avoiding raw, cold, or overly salty foods.
This article introduces the diagnostic methods for hepatitis B-related nephritis. This disease can severely damage the kidneys. After onset, a thorough examination is necessary, and appropriate treatment should be administered based on the results to minimize harm and improve symptoms such as hematuria and fatigue. Patients should maintain a calm attitude, cooperate with their doctor's treatment as much as possible, and maintain a light diet.