Neonatal sepsis is mainly caused by bacterial infection, with common pathogens including Group B Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Treatment requires the selection of antibiotics based on the pathogen, combined with supportive therapy.
1. Group B streptococci are one of the main pathogens of neonatal sepsis, usually transmitted through the mother's reproductive tract. Early identification and timely treatment with penicillin or ampicillin are crucial.
2. Escherichia coli infection is common in premature or low-birth-weight infants and may be transmitted through the mother's intestines or the hospital environment. Treatment usually involves cephalosporin antibiotics, such as cefotaxime or ceftriaxone.
3. Staphylococcus aureus infections are common in hospital-acquired infections, especially in newborns who have undergone invasive medical procedures. Treatment requires antibiotics such as vancomycin or linezolid, along with strengthened infection control measures.
Prevention of neonatal sepsis includes prenatal screening for Group B streptococci, strict adherence to hospital infection control measures, and timely management of neonatal infection symptoms. Early diagnosis and targeted treatment are key to improving prognosis; parents should closely monitor their newborn's health and seek medical attention promptly.