Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is an inflammation caused by stomach acid refluxing into the esophagus, leading to damage to the esophageal mucosa. Treatment includes lifestyle modifications, medication, and surgical intervention when necessary.
1. Genetic factors: Some individuals may have a genetic predisposition to lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction, making them more prone to acid reflux. These patients need to pay closer attention to adjusting their diet and lifestyle, and may need to consult a doctor for genetic testing and personalized treatment.
2. Environmental factors: Long-term smoking, alcohol consumption, high-fat diets, and obesity increase the risk of acid reflux. Reducing smoking and alcohol consumption, controlling weight, and avoiding high-fat foods can effectively reduce the frequency of acid reflux.
3. Physiological factors: Weakened lower esophageal sphincter function or delayed gastric emptying are common physiological causes. Improving eating habits, avoiding overeating, and reducing lying down immediately after meals can help alleviate symptoms.
4. Trauma: Esophageal or gastric surgery may impair the function of the lower esophageal sphincter, increasing the risk of reflux. Postoperative patients need to follow appropriate rehabilitation training and dietary adjustments.
5. Pathological factors: Gastroesophageal reflux disease, hiatal hernia, and other conditions can directly lead to acid reflux. These conditions require comprehensive treatment, including medication and, when necessary, surgical intervention.
In terms of drug treatment, commonly used medications include proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole, H2 receptor antagonists such as ranitidine, and antacids such as magnesium aluminum carbonate. These medications can effectively reduce gastric acid secretion and relieve symptoms.
In terms of dietary adjustments, it is recommended to eat smaller, more frequent meals, avoid spicy, greasy, and acidic foods, and increase the intake of high-fiber foods, such as whole grains, vegetables, and fruits.
Regarding exercise, moderate aerobic exercise, such as walking, swimming, and yoga, can help promote digestion and reduce acid reflux. Avoid strenuous exercise and exercise immediately after meals.
Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux esophagitis requires a combination of methods, including lifestyle modifications, medication, and surgical intervention when necessary. Patients should follow their doctor's instructions and have regular check-ups to ensure the effectiveness of the treatment.