Treatment for acute gastroenteritis in children focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing dehydration. Commonly used medications include oral rehydration salts, antidiarrheal drugs, and probiotics. Acute gastroenteritis is mostly caused by viral or bacterial infections, and the treatment plan should be selected based on the cause and symptoms.
1. Oral rehydration salts are the first-line treatment for acute gastroenteritis, effectively replenishing the water and electrolytes lost due to diarrhea and vomiting. It is recommended to use the standard oral rehydration salts recommended by the World Health Organization, dissolved according to the instructions, and taken in small, frequent sips to avoid large, one-time intake.
2. Antidiarrheal medications such as montmorillonite powder can be used to relieve diarrhea symptoms, but should be used with caution. Montmorillonite powder can adsorb toxins and pathogens in the intestines and protect the intestinal mucosa, but it should be used under the guidance of a doctor to avoid masking the condition or prolonging the course of the disease.
3. Probiotics such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus preparations help restore the balance of intestinal flora and relieve symptoms of diarrhea and abdominal pain. Probiotics can regulate intestinal immune function and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, but it is necessary to choose dosage forms and dosages suitable for children and avoid overuse.
4. Antibiotics should only be used when a bacterial infection is confirmed, such as Vibrio cholerae or Salmonella infection. Antibiotic overuse can lead to intestinal flora imbalance and increased drug resistance. They should be used under the guidance of a doctor, and appropriate antibiotics should be selected based on the results of drug sensitivity testing.
5. Dietary management is equally important in the treatment of acute gastroenteritis. It is recommended to give light and easily digestible foods, such as rice water, thin porridge, and steamed vegetables. Avoid high-fat, high-sugar, and irritating foods to reduce the burden on the intestines and promote recovery.
Treatment for acute gastroenteritis in children should be based on a combination of causes and symptoms, with appropriate use of medications and attention to dietary adjustments. At the same time, close monitoring of changes in the condition is necessary, and medical attention should be sought promptly if required.