Treatment for neonatal pulmonary hypertension includes sildenafil, bosentan, and inhaled nitric oxide. Neonatal pulmonary hypertension is caused by pulmonary vasoconstriction or maldevelopment, leading to elevated pulmonary artery pressure, which affects oxygen exchange and cardiac function. Treatment aims to lower pulmonary artery pressure and improve oxygenation and cardiac function.
1. Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor that lowers pulmonary artery pressure by dilating pulmonary arteries. Sildenafil is administered orally or intravenously, with the dosage adjusted according to weight and condition. Common side effects include low blood pressure and headache.
2. Bosentan is an endothelin receptor antagonist that dilates pulmonary arteries by blocking the action of endothelin. Bosentan is administered orally, with the dosage adjusted according to weight and condition. Common side effects include abnormal liver function and edema.
3. Nitric oxide inhalation therapy dilates pulmonary arteries through direct inhalation of nitric oxide. This therapy requires specialized equipment, and the dosage is adjusted according to the patient's condition. Common side effects include methemoglobinemia and pulmonary edema.
Treatment for neonatal pulmonary hypertension requires an individualized approach. Doctors will select appropriate medications and dosages based on the patient's condition, monitor drug efficacy and side effects, and adjust the treatment plan as needed. Parents should actively cooperate with the doctor's treatment plan and attend regular follow-up appointments to ensure the newborn receives the best possible treatment outcome.