Headaches before menstruation are a common symptom of premenstrual syndrome, usually related to hormonal fluctuations and changes in neurotransmitters. Symptoms can be effectively relieved through lifestyle adjustments, medication, and psychological counseling.
1. Hormonal fluctuations. Before menstruation, the levels of estrogen and progesterone in the body drop sharply, affecting vasomotor function and causing vasodilation in the head, which can trigger headaches. Maintaining stable hormone levels helps prevent headaches; low-dose oral contraceptives can be used to regulate hormones.
2. Changes in serotonin levels. Serotonin levels decrease before menstruation, affecting nerve conduction and potentially triggering migraines. Increasing serotonin levels can help alleviate symptoms and can be achieved through moderate exercise and increasing the intake of tryptophan-rich foods.
3. Increased prostaglandin secretion. Before menstruation, the uterine lining secretes large amounts of prostaglandins, which may cause vasospasm and lead to headaches. Inhibiting prostaglandin secretion can help alleviate symptoms; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen and naproxen can be used.
4. Stress and psychological factors. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) often causes mood swings, and feelings of tension and anxiety can worsen headache symptoms. Relieving stress through relaxation techniques and meditation can improve headache symptoms.
5. Dietary habits. Caffeine, alcohol, and high-salt foods may trigger or worsen premenstrual headaches. Adjusting your diet, reducing your intake of these foods, and increasing your intake of foods rich in vitamin B6 and magnesium can help prevent headaches.
Premenstrual headaches are a common occurrence, and most patients can effectively control their symptoms through lifestyle adjustments, medication, and psychological intervention. If headaches are frequent or severe, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly to rule out other possible illnesses and obtain professional medical advice. Maintaining healthy lifestyle habits, combined with appropriate medical intervention, can help improve premenstrual headache symptoms and enhance quality of life.