Treatment for neuritis needs to target the underlying cause, which commonly includes infection, trauma, malnutrition, poisoning, and metabolic abnormalities. Symptoms can be relieved through medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications.
1. Infectious factors
Viral or bacterial infections can directly damage nerve tissue, leading to neuritis. Examples include varicella-zoster virus and Mycobacterium leprae. Treatment includes antiviral drugs such as acyclovir and ribavirin, antibiotics such as ampicillin and ceftriaxone, as well as symptomatic treatment such as pain relievers like ibuprofen and acetaminophen.
2. External trauma factors
External forces such as compression, impact, or surgical procedures can damage nerves and cause inflammation. Treatment methods include physical therapy (hot compresses), ultrasound therapy, medication (methylcobalamin, vitamin B1), and, if necessary, surgery to repair damaged nerves.
3. Malnutrition
A deficiency in nutrients such as vitamins B1, B6, and B12 can affect nerve function and lead to neuritis. The solutions include supplementing with B vitamins such as methylcobalamin, vitamin B1, and vitamin B12, as well as adjusting the diet by eating more foods rich in B vitamins, such as whole grains, legumes, and nuts.
4. Poisoning factors
Prolonged exposure to heavy metals, alcohol, or certain medications can damage nerves. Treatment includes stopping exposure to the toxin, using antidotes such as dimercaprol, and nerve-repairing drugs such as adenosylcobalamin and methylcobalamin.
5. Metabolic abnormalities
Metabolic diseases such as diabetes and gout can trigger peripheral neuropathy. Treatment requires controlling the primary disease. For example, diabetes can be treated with hypoglycemic drugs such as metformin and insulin, while gout can be treated with uric acid-lowering drugs such as allopurinol and febuxostat. Simultaneously, nerve repair drugs such as methylcobalamin and vitamin B1 may be used.
Prevention and treatment of neuritis require a comprehensive assessment of the cause and a holistic approach involving drug therapy, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications, while also actively addressing the underlying disease to prevent recurrence.