Symptoms of ascites in men include abdominal swelling, weight gain, and difficulty breathing. Treatment requires targeted intervention based on the underlying cause. Ascites is a common manifestation of advanced liver disease, usually caused by cirrhosis, liver cancer, or chronic hepatitis. Early recognition of symptoms and timely medical attention are crucial.
1. Abdominal swelling is the most obvious symptom of ascites, manifesting as a gradual enlargement of the abdomen, possibly accompanied by a feeling of tightness and discomfort in the abdomen. This swelling is due to excessive fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity and is usually related to impaired liver function and portal hypertension.
2. Weight gain is another common manifestation of ascites, mainly due to fluid retention. Patients may experience a significant weight gain in a short period of time, but this is not due to increased fat, but rather the result of water retention.
3. Difficulty breathing may be caused by ascites compressing the diaphragm and lungs, causing the patient to feel short of breath, especially when lying flat. In this case, it is necessary to relieve the pressure of the ascites promptly.
4. Other symptoms include loss of appetite, fatigue, nausea, etc. These symptoms are related to decreased liver function and metabolic disorders, which may further affect the patient's quality of life.
Treatment of ascites requires addressing the underlying cause. Drug therapy includes diuretics such as spironolactone and furosemide to help eliminate excess fluid from the body; and medications targeting liver disease, such as antiviral drugs and hepatoprotective drugs, to improve liver function. Dietary recommendations include a low-sodium diet, limiting sodium intake to avoid exacerbating fluid retention; and adequate intake of high-quality protein, such as fish and eggs, to help repair liver cells. For exercise, light activities such as walking and yoga can promote blood circulation, but strenuous exercise should be avoided.
Treatment of ascites requires a comprehensive approach that considers both the underlying cause and symptoms. Early detection and standardized treatment are key to improving prognosis. Patients should have their liver function monitored regularly and follow lifestyle modifications to slow disease progression.