Hyperthyroidism can cause mitral regurgitation, and treatment requires controlling both the hyperthyroidism and the underlying heart problem. Mitral regurgitation can be caused by myocardial dysfunction resulting from hyperthyroidism, manifesting as increased cardiac load and valvular dysfunction. Controlling hyperthyroidism is key, while simultaneously addressing the underlying heart problem.
1. Causes of mitral regurgitation in hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism leads to an increased basal metabolic rate and increased myocardial oxygen consumption, which may cause myocardial hypertrophy and dilation, thereby affecting valvular function. Hyperthyroid patients often experience tachycardia and arrhythmias, which can increase cardiac load and lead to mitral regurgitation. Long-term uncontrolled hyperthyroidism may cause structural changes in the heart, resulting in mitral regurgitation.
2. Treatment of Hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism treatment mainly includes medication, radioactive iodine therapy, and surgery. Medication commonly uses methimazole and propylthiouracil, requiring regular monitoring of thyroid function. Radioactive iodine therapy is suitable for patients who do not respond to medication or whose condition has relapsed. Surgical treatment is mainly used for patients with severe thyroid enlargement or suspected malignancy.
3. Treatment of mitral regurgitation: Mild mitral regurgitation requires no special treatment; regular follow-up is sufficient. Moderate to severe regurgitation requires medication, such as diuretics, vasodilators, and beta-blockers, to reduce the workload on the heart. When severe regurgitation affects cardiac function, surgical treatment, such as mitral valve repair or replacement, should be considered.
4. Lifestyle adjustments: Hyperthyroidism patients should avoid high-iodine foods such as kelp and seaweed, and maintain a low-salt diet. Control emotional fluctuations and avoid overexertion. Moderate exercise, such as walking and yoga, can help improve heart function. Regularly monitor blood pressure and heart rate, and adjust the treatment plan promptly.
Hyperthyroidism can cause mitral regurgitation, requiring timely control of hyperthyroidism and cardiac function assessment and treatment. Hyperthyroidism and its associated heart problems can be effectively managed through medication, surgery, and lifestyle modifications. Regular follow-up and health monitoring are crucial for ensuring treatment effectiveness.