Treatment for neonatal acute bronchitis includes anti-infective, expectorant, and antitussive measures. The symptoms are primarily caused by viral infection. The main symptoms of neonatal acute bronchitis include cough, rapid breathing, and wheezing; in severe cases, fever and respiratory distress may occur.
1. Coughing is a common symptom of acute bronchitis in newborns. Initially, it is a dry cough, which may later be accompanied by phlegm. The cough is frequent and severe, especially at night or in the early morning. Parents should carefully observe the frequency and nature of the cough and seek medical attention promptly.
2. Rapid breathing is another typical symptom, characterized by an increased respiratory rate, exceeding 60 breaths per minute. In newborns with rapid breathing, the chest rises and falls significantly, the nostrils flare, and in severe cases, the three-recession sign (suprasternal notch, supraclavicular fossa, and intercostal retractions) may appear. Rapid breathing indicates a more serious condition and requires immediate medical attention.
3. Wheezing is the sound produced when airflow passes through a narrowed airway due to bronchitis. The wheezing sound is similar to a whistling sound, especially noticeable during exhalation. Wheezing may be accompanied by difficulty breathing and hypoxia, requiring prompt treatment.
4. Fever is a common symptom of acute bronchitis in newborns, and the body temperature may exceed 38°C. When feverish, newborns may experience irritability, loss of appetite, and other symptoms. Parents should closely monitor the temperature and use antipyretics if necessary.
5. Breathing difficulties are a serious symptom of acute bronchitis in newborns, manifested as labored breathing, cyanosis of the lips, and pallor. Breathing difficulties indicate a critical condition requiring immediate medical attention, which may necessitate oxygen therapy or mechanical ventilation.
Symptoms of acute bronchitis in newborns are varied, and parents should closely observe their children and seek medical attention promptly. Treatment includes antiviral medications, expectorants, and cough suppressants; hospitalization may be necessary in severe cases. Preventive measures include maintaining good indoor air circulation, avoiding contact with sources of infection, and regular vaccinations. The symptoms and treatment of acute bronchitis in newborns need to be tailored to the specific situation, and parents should actively cooperate to ensure that their child receives timely and effective treatment.