The main symptoms of reflux esophagitis include heartburn, acid reflux, and chest pain. Treatment can alleviate these symptoms through medication, dietary adjustments, and lifestyle modifications. Reflux esophagitis is an inflammation caused by the reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus, and is commonly seen in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
1. Heartburn is a typical symptom of reflux esophagitis, manifesting as a burning sensation behind the sternum, especially worsening after meals or when lying down. Heartburn is caused by stomach acid irritating the esophageal mucosa, and long-term recurrent episodes may lead to esophageal damage. Antacids such as omeprazole, rabeprazole, or famotidine can be used to relieve heartburn by reducing stomach acid secretion. Avoiding high-fat, spicy foods and caffeine, and refraining from eating 2-3 hours before bedtime, can help alleviate symptoms.
2. Acid reflux refers to the backflow of stomach contents into the throat or mouth, accompanied by a sour or bitter taste. Acid reflux is related to dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter, leading to the reflux of stomach acid. Treatment for acid reflux can use prokinetic drugs such as domperidone or mosapride to strengthen the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter. Dietary restrictions include avoiding overeating, reducing the intake of carbonated beverages and alcohol, and maintaining an upright posture after meals, avoiding bending over or lying flat.
3. Chest pain is a common symptom of reflux esophagitis, manifesting as retrosternal pain that may radiate to the back or shoulder. Chest pain is related to stomach acid irritating esophageal nerves; in severe cases, it needs to be differentiated from cardiac chest pain. Relieving chest pain can involve antacids and mucosal protectants such as sucralfate or magnesium aluminum carbonate to protect the esophageal mucosa. Avoiding smoking and alcohol, losing weight, and wearing loose clothing to reduce abdominal pressure can help prevent chest pain attacks.
Symptoms of reflux esophagitis can be effectively controlled through medication, dietary adjustments, and lifestyle improvements. Long-term management requires regular check-ups to prevent complications.