The primary task in treating Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is to relieve symptoms and prevent recurrence. Symptoms include skin purpura, joint pain, abdominal pain, and kidney damage. HSP is a type of vasculitis caused by an abnormal immune response, often triggered by infections, drug allergies, or food allergies. Early identification and timely intervention are crucial.
1. Skin purpura is a typical manifestation of allergic purpura, characterized by red or purple spots on the skin, usually appearing on the lower limbs and buttocks. Treatment involves topical application of anti-inflammatory ointments, avoiding scratching to prevent infection, and, if necessary, oral antihistamines or corticosteroids to relieve symptoms.
2. Joint pain is most common in the knee and ankle joints, accompanied by swelling and limited range of motion. Treatment for joint pain includes applying cold compresses to reduce swelling, taking oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to relieve pain, and resting the joint to avoid excessive activity.
3. Abdominal pain may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, or gastrointestinal bleeding. In severe cases, immediate medical attention is necessary. Treatment for abdominal pain may include antispasmodic drugs such as atropine. If necessary, corticosteroids may be used to control inflammation. At the same time, maintain a bland diet and avoid spicy or irritating foods.
4. Kidney damage manifests as hematuria, proteinuria, or abnormal kidney function, requiring close monitoring of urinalysis and kidney function. Treatment for kidney damage may include oral hormones and immunosuppressants; plasma exchange or dialysis may be necessary in some cases.
Treatment for allergic purpura requires a personalized approach based on symptoms and severity. Early intervention and standardized treatment can effectively control the condition and reduce complications. Patients should have regular follow-up appointments, pay attention to lifestyle adjustments, and avoid exposure to triggering factors to promote recovery.