The main symptoms of acute gastritis in children include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include dietary adjustments, medication, and prompt medical attention. Abdominal pain is usually located in the upper abdomen and may be persistent or intermittent; some children may experience a burning sensation or bloating. Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms; the vomit may contain gastric juices or undigested food, and in severe cases, bile or blood may be present. Loss of appetite causes children to refuse food or eat significantly less, which may be accompanied by weight loss or dehydration.
1. Abdominal pain: Abdominal pain caused by acute gastritis is mostly concentrated in the upper abdomen, possibly due to inflammation of the gastric mucosa or excessive gastric acid secretion. It is recommended that the child rest and avoid irritating foods, such as spicy, greasy, or excessively hot or cold foods. Small, frequent sips of warm water or diluted salt water can be given to relieve stomach discomfort. If the pain persists or worsens, seek medical attention promptly.
2. Nausea and vomiting: Inflammation of the gastric mucosa irritates the nerves in the stomach, causing nausea and vomiting. After vomiting, it is important to replenish fluids to avoid dehydration. Try drinking small amounts of warm water or oral rehydration salts, avoiding drinking large amounts of water at once. If vomiting is frequent or accompanied by other abnormal symptoms, such as fever or worsening abdominal pain, seek medical attention as soon as possible.
3. Loss of appetite: Gastritis causes stomach discomfort, affecting a child's appetite. Offer light, easily digestible foods such as rice porridge, noodles, or steamed vegetables, avoiding high-fat, high-sugar, or hard-to-digest foods. Small, frequent meals help reduce the burden on the stomach. If the poor appetite persists, consult a doctor to rule out other underlying medical conditions.
4. Other symptoms: Some children may experience fever, fatigue, or diarrhea. Fever is usually low-grade; if the temperature exceeds 38.5℃, antipyretics should be used and medical attention sought. Fatigue is related to loss of appetite and dehydration; attention should be paid to replenishing nutrition and fluids. Diarrhea may be related to gastrointestinal dysfunction associated with gastritis; dairy products or high-fiber foods should be avoided.
The symptoms of acute gastritis in children are varied, and appropriate measures should be taken according to the specific manifestations. Adjusting diet, replenishing fluids, and medication are key to relieving symptoms. If symptoms persist or worsen, medical attention should be sought promptly to determine the cause and receive targeted treatment.