The main cause of sudden cardiac death is heart disease, including coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, and arrhythmia, which is usually caused by cardiac arrest. Treatment and prevention should start with addressing the underlying causes, controlling underlying diseases, improving lifestyle, and having regular check-ups.
1. Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death. Narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries leads to myocardial ischemia, causing cardiac arrest. Prevention and treatment include controlling high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes; regular cardiac checkups; and, if necessary, coronary intervention or bypass surgery.
2. Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle, leading to abnormal heart function. Dilated cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are common types. Treatment includes drug therapy such as beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors; in severe cases, heart transplantation may be necessary.
3. Arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia can lead to cardiac arrest. Treatment includes the use of antiarrhythmic drugs, implantation of a pacemaker or defibrillator, and regular electrocardiogram monitoring.
4. Genetic factors such as long QT syndrome and Brugada syndrome can increase the risk of sudden cardiac death. Individuals with a family history of sudden cardiac death should undergo genetic testing for early intervention.
5. External factors such as strenuous exercise, emotional excitement, and drug abuse can trigger sudden cardiac death. Avoiding overwork, maintaining emotional stability, using medication appropriately, and having regular checkups can effectively reduce the risk.
Although sudden cardiac death is highly unpredictable, its occurrence can be effectively prevented and reduced by controlling underlying diseases, improving lifestyle, and undergoing regular checkups. Early identification of high-risk groups and implementation of targeted interventions are key to reducing the risk of sudden cardiac death.