Pulmonary fibrosis in an 80-year-old can be treated with medication to relieve symptoms. Commonly used medications include antifibrotic drugs, glucocorticoids, and immunosuppressants. Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive lung disease characterized by the gradual replacement of lung tissue with fibrotic tissue, leading to a decline in lung function. Treatment needs to be individualized based on the severity of the condition and the patient's overall health.
1. Antifibrotic drugs are the main treatment for pulmonary fibrosis, capable of slowing disease progression. Commonly used drugs include pirfenidone and nintedanib. Pirfenidone reduces lung fibrosis by inhibiting the production of fibrosis-related cytokines; nintedanib inhibits fibrosis by blocking fibrosis signaling pathways. Both drugs need to be taken long-term under the guidance of a doctor, with regular monitoring of liver function and blood routine tests.
2. Glucocorticoids have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects and are suitable for some patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Commonly used drugs include prednisone and methylprednisolone. Glucocorticoids can reduce lung inflammation and improve symptoms, but long-term use may cause side effects such as osteoporosis and hypertension. Dosage adjustments should be made under the guidance of a doctor, and calcium and vitamin D supplementation is necessary.
3. Immunosuppressants are used to treat autoimmune-related pulmonary fibrosis. Commonly used drugs include cyclophosphamide and azathioprine. These drugs reduce lung tissue damage by suppressing an excessive immune response, but may increase the risk of infection, requiring regular monitoring of blood counts and liver and kidney function.
Treatment of pulmonary fibrosis requires comprehensive consideration of the patient's age, condition, and physical status. Drug therapy should be administered under the guidance of a physician, with attention paid to managing drug side effects. Regular follow-up and pulmonary function tests help assess treatment effectiveness and adjust the treatment plan.