Mild anemia in children can be alleviated through iron supplementation and dietary improvements. It is usually caused by insufficient iron intake or poor absorption. Specific measures include oral iron supplements such as ferrous sulfate or ferrous fumarate, increasing the intake of iron-rich foods such as red meat, spinach, and beans, and paying attention to vitamin C intake to promote iron absorption.
1. Insufficient iron intake is a common cause of mild anemia in children. Insufficient iron in the diet can lead to reduced hemoglobin synthesis, especially during periods of rapid growth. It is recommended to consume at least 15 mg of iron daily, which can be obtained by moderately increasing intake of red meat, animal liver, fish, and dark green vegetables such as spinach and kale.
2. Poor iron absorption is also a significant factor. Certain foods, such as dairy products and tea, contain calcium and tannins that can inhibit iron absorption, so careful consideration is needed when consuming them. Fruits rich in vitamin C, such as oranges and strawberries, can significantly improve iron absorption and should be consumed in moderation.
3. Occult blood loss may lead to mild anemia. Intestinal parasitic infections or chronic gastrointestinal diseases may cause persistent micro-bleeding, which needs to be ruled out through routine stool examination. If necessary, ova examination and gastrointestinal endoscopy may be performed.
4. Genetic factors may cause mild anemia. Carriers of the thalassemia gene may present with mild anemia, which requires a hemoglobin electrophoresis test for diagnosis. This type of anemia generally does not require specific treatment, but iron supplements should be avoided.
5. Chronic inflammation can inhibit iron absorption and utilization. Recurrent respiratory infections, chronic rhinitis, and other chronic inflammatory conditions can affect hematopoietic function, requiring active treatment of the underlying disease. While controlling the infection, supplementing with B-complex vitamins and folic acid can be beneficial.
Improving mild anemia requires patience; hemoglobin levels typically improve significantly after 2-3 months of treatment. It is recommended to have a complete blood count every 4 weeks to assess the effectiveness of the treatment. During treatment, closely monitor for adverse reactions such as constipation and abdominal pain, and adjust medication dosage as needed.