Gastroenteritis in children is usually caused by viral infections, bacterial infections, or improper diet. Treatment includes symptomatic relief, dietary adjustments, and medication as needed. Viral infections are the most common cause, such as rotavirus and norovirus, which are transmitted through contact, especially in group settings like kindergartens or schools. Bacterial infections, such as Salmonella and E. coli, are usually associated with consuming contaminated food or water. Improper diet includes excessive intake of greasy, raw, or difficult-to-digest foods, leading to gastrointestinal disturbances.
1. Viral infections are one of the main causes of gastroenteritis in children, with rotavirus and norovirus being the most common pathogens. These viruses are transmitted through the fecal-oral route, especially in group settings such as kindergartens or schools. Prevention measures include frequent handwashing, avoiding contact with infected individuals, and rotavirus vaccination.
2. Bacterial infections such as Salmonella and E. coli are usually related to consuming contaminated food or water. Preventive measures include ensuring the cleanliness of food and water, avoiding raw or cold foods, and regularly disinfecting tableware and kitchen utensils.
3. Improper diet is another common cause of gastroenteritis in children. Excessive intake of greasy, raw, cold, or hard-to-digest foods can lead to gastrointestinal dysfunction. Parents are advised to provide their children with a balanced diet, avoid excessive intake of high-fat and high-sugar foods, and pay attention to the freshness and hygiene of food.
Treatment for gastroenteritis in children includes symptomatic relief, dietary adjustments, and medication when necessary. Symptomatic relief includes replenishing fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Dietary adjustments include providing bland, easily digestible foods such as rice water, thin porridge, and steamed vegetables. If necessary, doctors may prescribe antidiarrheal medication, antibiotics, or other medications to control symptoms and infection. Parents should closely monitor their child's condition; if symptoms persist or worsen, seek medical attention promptly. A combination of prevention and treatment can effectively control the occurrence and progression of gastroenteritis in children.