Early-stage pulmonary fibrosis is treated with medications including pirfenidone, nintedanib, and corticosteroids. These drugs slow disease progression through anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, or immunomodulatory effects. Early treatment of pulmonary fibrosis is crucial for delaying disease progression; however, drug interventions must be tailored to the specific condition and individual circumstances.
1. Pirfenidone is an anti-fibrotic drug that reduces the progression of pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the production of fibrosis-related factors. It is suitable for patients with mild to moderate idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Common side effects include nausea, rash, and fatigue. It should be used under the guidance of a doctor.
2. Nintedanib is a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor that slows pulmonary fibrosis by blocking fibrosis-related signaling pathways. It is suitable for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Common side effects include diarrhea and elevated liver enzymes, requiring regular monitoring of liver function.
3. Glucocorticoids such as prednisone have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects and are often used to treat acute exacerbations of pulmonary fibrosis. Long-term use requires attention to side effects such as osteoporosis and elevated blood sugar; dosage adjustments should be made under the guidance of a doctor.
Treatment of early-stage pulmonary fibrosis requires a comprehensive consideration of drug efficacy and side effects. Regular follow-up and monitoring of disease progression are crucial for management. Patients should adhere to a combination of medication and lifestyle modifications to slow disease progression and improve quality of life.