Obvious symptoms of neonatal pulmonary hypertension include rapid breathing, cyanosis, and feeding difficulties, requiring immediate medical attention. Treatment includes oxygen therapy, medication, and mechanical ventilation; the specific method will be chosen based on the individual's condition.
1. Rapid breathing is a common symptom of pulmonary hypertension in newborns, characterized by a significantly increased respiratory rate, possibly accompanied by nasal flaring and sternal retraction. This is due to elevated pulmonary artery pressure, leading to insufficient blood supply to the lungs and restricted oxygen exchange. Parents should closely monitor their newborn's breathing and seek medical attention immediately if any abnormalities are observed.
2. Cyanosis is another important symptom, manifesting as a bluish-purple discoloration of the skin, lips, and nail beds. This is due to insufficient oxygen in the blood, leading to inadequate oxygenation of hemoglobin. The degree of cyanosis is related to the severity of the condition, and parents should pay special attention to changes in the newborn's skin color.
3. Feeding difficulties are also a common manifestation of neonatal pulmonary hypertension, manifesting as weak sucking, reduced milk intake, or refusal to feed. This is because rapid breathing and hypoxia cause excessive energy expenditure in the newborn, making it unable to eat normally. Parents should observe the newborn's feeding situation and seek professional help if necessary.
4. Oxygen therapy is an important treatment for neonatal pulmonary hypertension. It improves blood oxygenation and reduces pulmonary artery pressure by providing a high concentration of oxygen. Oxygen therapy methods include nasal cannula oxygen therapy, face mask oxygen therapy, and head hood oxygen therapy. The specific choice depends on the newborn's condition and...
5. Drug therapy is also a common method, including the use of vasodilators such as sildenafil and bosentan to lower pulmonary artery pressure; the use of diuretics such as furosemide to reduce the burden on the heart; and the use of cardiotonics such as dopamine to enhance cardiac function. Drug therapy should be carried out under the guidance of a doctor, and the effects and side effects of the drugs should be closely monitored.
6. Mechanical ventilation is suitable for severe cases. It assists breathing with a ventilator, improves oxygenation, and reduces pulmonary artery pressure. Mechanical ventilation methods include non-invasive and invasive ventilation. The specific choice depends on the neonate's condition and requires close monitoring of vital signs and timely adjustment of parameters during mechanical ventilation.
The symptoms and treatment of neonatal pulmonary hypertension should be selected according to the specific condition. Parents should closely observe the newborn's condition, seek medical attention in a timely manner, cooperate with the doctor's treatment, and ensure the newborn's health.