Treatment for acute gastroenteritis in children includes oral rehydration salts, dietary adjustments, and antibiotics if necessary. The main causes are viral or bacterial infections, improper diet, or food poisoning. Viral infections are common, while bacterial infections are often caused by unclean food. Improper diets such as overeating or consuming raw or cold foods can also trigger infections.
1. Oral rehydration salts are fundamental in the treatment of acute gastroenteritis, preventing and treating dehydration. It is recommended to use WHO-recommended oral rehydration salts, prepared according to the instructions, and administered in small, frequent doses. If the child vomits frequently, a small spoonful can be given every 5-10 minutes, gradually increasing the amount.
2. Adjusting your diet can help relieve symptoms. During the acute phase, you can temporarily stop giving solid foods and instead offer easily digestible liquids such as rice water or thin porridge. After symptoms subside, gradually add steamed eggs, cooked vegetables, etc., while avoiding greasy, spicy, and raw or cold foods. Breastfed infants can continue breastfeeding, and formula-fed infants can choose lactose-free formula.
3. Antibiotics are only used for bacterial infections and require a doctor's prescription. Commonly used drugs include amoxicillin and cefixime, and the course of treatment is generally 5-7 days. Viral infections do not require antibiotics, and overuse may worsen intestinal flora imbalance.
4. Probiotics can help restore the balance of intestinal flora, such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus. It is recommended to use them under the guidance of a doctor.
5. If a child develops severe dehydration, persistent high fever, or lethargy, seek immediate medical attention and, if necessary, receive intravenous fluid replacement or other treatments.
Treatment for acute gastroenteritis in children requires consideration of both the cause and symptoms. Mild cases can be relieved with home care, while severe cases require prompt medical attention to prevent complications. Parents should carefully observe changes in their child's condition and follow guidelines to ensure a speedy recovery.