Viral gastroenteritis is a common digestive system disease in infants, mainly caused by viral infection. Treatment focuses on symptomatic relief and prevention of dehydration. Infants' immune systems are not fully developed, making them susceptible to enteroviruses such as rotavirus and norovirus, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting.
1. Viral infection is the main cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants. Rotavirus is the most common pathogen, but norovirus, adenovirus, and others can also cause it. These viruses are transmitted through the fecal-oral route, and infants are easily infected after coming into contact with contaminated items or food.
2. Infants have an immature immune system and weak resistance to viruses. Their intestinal mucosal barrier function is not fully developed, making them susceptible to viral invasion of intestinal epithelial cells, triggering inflammatory responses and leading to symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting.
3. Environmental factors are also an important reason. Infants in group environments such as daycare centers and kindergartens are more likely to come into contact with virus carriers, increasing the risk of infection. Poor hygiene habits, such as not washing hands promptly or disinfecting toys, can also increase the chance of infection.
4. Treatment for viral gastroenteritis primarily focuses on symptomatic relief. Maintaining adequate fluid intake and preventing dehydration are key. Oral rehydration salts (ORS) can be used to replenish electrolytes and fluids. For infants with severe dehydration, intravenous fluid therapy may be necessary.
5. Regarding medication, montmorillonite powder can be used to protect the intestinal mucosa and reduce the frequency of diarrhea. Probiotics help restore the balance of intestinal flora and relieve symptoms. Avoid using antibiotics, as viral gastroenteritis is caused by viruses, and antibiotics are ineffective and may disrupt the intestinal flora.
6. Dietary adjustments are also part of the treatment. Continue breastfeeding, as breast milk contains antibodies that help strengthen the baby's immunity. For formula-fed infants, choose lactose-free formula to reduce the burden on the digestive system.
7. Preventive measures include maintaining good hygiene, regularly disinfecting baby products, and avoiding contact with virus carriers. Rotavirus vaccination is an effective way to prevent rotavirus infection; it is recommended that infants complete vaccination before 6 months of age.
Viral gastroenteritis is a common digestive system disease in infants, mainly caused by viral infection. Treatment focuses on symptomatic relief and prevention of dehydration. Understanding the cause and taking appropriate treatment measures can effectively alleviate symptoms and promote infant recovery. Maintaining good hygiene habits and vaccination are key to preventing viral gastroenteritis. Parents should closely monitor their infants' health and seek medical attention promptly.