Treatment for hemolytic jaundice in adults needs to target the underlying cause. Common causes include hereditary hemolytic anemia, autoimmune hemolysis, infection, or drug reactions. Treatment methods include medication, blood transfusion, and splenectomy, with the specific choice depending on the cause and the patient's condition.
1. Hereditary hemolytic anemia: such as hereditary spherocytosis, where abnormal red blood cell membrane structure makes them susceptible to destruction by the spleen. Treatment options include splenectomy to reduce red blood cell destruction, or folic acid supplementation to support red blood cell production.
2. Autoimmune hemolysis: The immune system mistakenly attacks its own red blood cells, leading to hemolysis. Treatment primarily involves glucocorticoids such as prednisone to suppress the immune response; in severe cases, immunosuppressants such as cyclophosphamide may be used.
3. Infection or drug reaction: Certain infections, such as malaria, or drugs, such as penicillin, can induce hemolysis. Treatment requires discontinuing the relevant medication, controlling the infection, and using antibiotics or antimalarial drugs if necessary.
4. Blood transfusion support: For patients with severe anemia, blood transfusion can quickly improve symptoms, but attention should be paid to blood type matching and the risk of transfusion reaction.
5. Dietary adjustments: Increase the intake of foods rich in iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12, such as lean meat, leafy green vegetables, and legumes, which can help improve anemia.
6. Regular monitoring: Patients need to have regular blood tests, liver function tests, and other indicators checked to assess changes in their condition and adjust the treatment plan in a timely manner.
Treatment of hemolytic jaundice in adults requires consideration of the underlying cause and individual circumstances. Early diagnosis and targeted intervention are key. Patients should actively cooperate with their doctors and pay attention to daily care.