How to treat uremia caused by diabetes?
Diabetic nephropathy is a complication of diabetes, belonging to the category of microvascular complications. Due to chronically high blood sugar levels, the blood vessels in the kidneys experience significant pressure, eventually leading to a series of pathological changes. If diabetic nephropathy is not effectively controlled, it will worsen, eventually developing into uremia, manifested as electrolyte imbalance, acidosis, and anemia.
How to treat uremia caused by diabetes?
1. Renal Replacement Therapy: Once uremia occurs, timely renal replacement therapy is necessary, including dialysis and kidney transplantation. When the glomerular filtration rate drops to 25 ml/min, an arteriovenous fistula should be established to prepare for replacement therapy. Replacement therapy should be initiated earlier if there are symptoms such as heart failure, uncontrolled hypertension, or electrolyte imbalances.
2. Antihypertensive treatment: Diabetic uremia can lead to hypertension, requiring patients to receive antihypertensive treatment. The first-line drug is angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs). These drugs can improve renal hemodynamics, reduce proteinuria, improve the permeability of the filtration membrane, and protect the kidneys.
3. Blood sugar control treatment: Diabetic uremia patients must adhere to strict blood sugar control, keeping glycosylated hemoglobin below 7% to improve kidney function. In daily life, patients must strictly pay attention to their diet, adhering to a low-protein, low-salt, and low-fat principle, while appropriately increasing their intake of dietary fiber.
The above are treatment methods for uremia caused by diabetes, including renal replacement therapy, antihypertensive therapy, and hypoglycemic therapy. Generally, people with diabetes for more than 5 years are prone to kidney disease, eventually leading to uremia. Uremia is the final manifestation of kidney failure, and even with renal replacement therapy, the survival rate is far lower than that of non-diabetic patients. To prolong life, patients must actively cooperate with treatment and prevent various dangerous complications. In daily life, it is important to consciously monitor various indicators, including blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood potassium. If any signs of worsening condition appear, seek medical attention immediately.