Symptoms of metabolic hepatitis include fatigue, loss of appetite, jaundice, and discomfort in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. Treatment requires medication intervention and lifestyle modifications targeting the underlying cause. Metabolic hepatitis is usually caused by fat accumulation, drug toxicity, or metabolic disorders, and requires a combination of dietary control, exercise therapy, and medication to improve the condition.
1. Fatigue is a common symptom of metabolic hepatitis, with patients often experiencing physical weakness and mental fatigue. Fatigue may be related to impaired liver function and energy metabolism disorders. It is recommended that patients ensure sufficient sleep, avoid overexertion, supplement with appropriate amounts of B vitamins and iron, and, if necessary, use hepatoprotective drugs such as polyene phosphatidylcholine under the guidance of a doctor.
2. Loss of appetite is another typical symptom of metabolic hepatitis. Patients may experience aversion to oily foods and nausea. This is related to abnormal bile secretion and decreased digestive function. It is recommended to eat small, frequent meals, choosing easily digestible foods such as porridge and clear soup, and avoiding high-fat and high-sugar diets. Digestive aids such as multi-enzyme tablets can be used appropriately, but should be used under the guidance of a doctor.
3. Jaundice is an important sign of metabolic hepatitis, manifested as yellowing of the skin and sclera. This is due to impaired bilirubin metabolism. Patients are advised to have regular monitoring of liver function indicators and avoid medications that may damage the liver. Treatment may include choleretic drugs such as ursodeoxycholic acid; in severe cases, hospitalization for intravenous nutritional support may be necessary.
4. Discomfort or dull pain in the right upper abdomen is a common complaint in metabolic hepatitis, possibly related to the enlarged liver stretching the liver capsule. Patients are advised to avoid strenuous exercise and adopt a left lateral decubitus position to reduce pressure on the liver. Antispasmodic and analgesic drugs such as anisodamine can be used appropriately, but other acute abdominal conditions must be ruled out.
5. Treatment for metabolic hepatitis should target the underlying cause. For fatty liver disease, the focus is on weight control and metabolic improvement. A Mediterranean diet is recommended, along with increased aerobic exercise such as brisk walking and swimming. Drug treatment may include metformin to improve insulin resistance, and vitamin E for antioxidant effects if necessary.
6. In cases of drug-induced hepatitis, the suspected drug must be discontinued immediately, and liver-protective treatment should be initiated. Antioxidants such as glutathione and N-acetylcysteine are recommended, and plasma exchange may be necessary. Liver function should be closely monitored during treatment to prevent liver failure.
7. Metabolic disorder-related hepatitis requires treatment targeting the underlying disease. For example, diabetic hepatitis requires strict blood sugar control, using insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents. Regular monitoring of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is recommended to maintain stable blood sugar levels. Simultaneously, precautions should be taken to prevent hypoglycemia.
8. Lifestyle interventions are crucial for the recovery of metabolic hepatitis. Patients are advised to quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption, maintain a regular sleep schedule, and avoid staying up late. Engage in moderate-intensity exercise such as Tai Chi or yoga for at least 150 minutes per week. Maintain a positive mental state and seek psychological counseling if necessary.
9. Regular follow-up and monitoring are crucial for managing metabolic hepatitis. It is recommended to have liver function tests and abdominal ultrasound every 3-6 months. For high-risk individuals, non-invasive assessment for liver fibrosis may be considered. Timely detection of changes in the condition allows for adjustments to the treatment plan.
10. Preventing recurrence of metabolic hepatitis requires a long-term commitment to a healthy lifestyle. It is recommended to maintain a healthy weight, with a BMI between 18.5 and 23.9. Avoid the misuse of medications and health supplements, and use traditional Chinese medicine preparations with caution. Maintain good dietary habits, including adequate intake of high-quality protein such as fish, meat, and soy products.
Treatment for metabolic hepatitis requires individualized intervention based on the underlying cause, encompassing a range of measures including medication, dietary control, and exercise therapy. Regular follow-up appointments are necessary to adjust the treatment plan promptly and prevent complications. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and a positive attitude is crucial for recovery; close cooperation between patients and doctors is recommended for managing the condition.