Whether a cough caused by bronchitis is contagious depends on the specific cause, and treatment must target the underlying cause. Bronchitis caused by bacterial or viral infections is contagious, while non-infectious bronchitis is not. Bacterial bronchitis requires treatment with antibiotics such as amoxicillin, cefaclor, and azithromycin; viral bronchitis can be treated with antiviral drugs such as oseltamivir, ribavirin, and acyclovir, along with cough suppressants such as dextromethorphan, compound glycyrrhiza tablets, and fritillaria cirrhosa syrup to relieve symptoms. Non-infectious bronchitis, such as allergic bronchitis, requires the use of antihistamines such as loratadine, cetirizine, and ebastine, and avoidance of allergens.
1. Bacterial bronchitis is caused by bacterial infections such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. Patients often experience symptoms such as cough, sputum production, and fever. Treatment requires antibiotics, such as amoxicillin for mild to moderate infections, cefaclor for drug-resistant bacteria, and azithromycin for those allergic to penicillin. Expectorants such as ambroxol and acetylcysteine can also be used to help expectorate sputum.
2. Viral bronchitis is caused by influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), etc., and patients present with symptoms such as cough, sore throat, and fatigue. Treatment mainly involves antiviral drugs, such as oseltamivir, which is effective against influenza virus; ribavirin, which is suitable for RSV infection; and acyclovir, which can be used for herpes virus infection. Cough suppressants such as dextromethorphan can inhibit the cough center; compound glycyrrhiza tablets have antitussive and expectorant effects; and fritillaria cirrhosa and loquat syrup can moisten the lungs and relieve cough.
3. Non-infectious bronchitis, such as allergic bronchitis, is caused by allergens like pollen and dust mites. Patients often experience paroxysmal coughing and chest tightness. Treatment requires antihistamines such as loratadine, cetirizine, and ebastine, and may also include inhaled corticosteroids such as budesonide and fluticasone to control inflammation. Avoiding allergens is key to preventing recurrence, such as maintaining indoor cleanliness and using air purifiers.
Whether a cough caused by bronchitis is contagious depends on the underlying cause, and treatment should target the specific cause. Bronchitis caused by bacterial or viral infections is contagious and requires treatment with antibiotics or antiviral drugs. Non-infectious bronchitis, such as allergic bronchitis, is not contagious, and treatment primarily involves antihistamines and avoidance of allergens. Regardless of the cause, timely medical attention and adherence to prescribed treatment are crucial for symptom relief and preventing recurrence. In daily life, it is important to maintain personal hygiene, ensure good indoor air circulation, and avoid contact with allergens to reduce the risk of developing bronchitis.